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BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C BENCHMARK DC-23
C 1st of 2 parts: Simple TACS-only test including steady-state ac solution.
C 1st of 8 total subcases. Following 2 TACS data subcases, there will be 5
C data subcases that illustrate Kizilcay frequency dependence (add May, 93).
0.1 1.0
1 1 1 1 1
TACS STAND ALONE
RES1=0 +1/1+S -1/S
RES2=0 +1/1+S +S/1+S -MIXER
11/1+S +MIXER
1.
1. 1.
11/S +S/1+S
1.
0. 1.
1S/1+S +MIXER
0. 1.
1. 1.
MIXER +DC +AC
11DC 1.0
14AC 1. -90.
33S/1+S 1/S 1/1+S RES1=0RES2=0MIXER DC AC
C Next 8 output variables belong to TACS (with "TACS" an internally-added
C Step Time TACS TACS TACS TACS TACS TACS
C S/1+S 1/S 1/1+S RES1=0 RES2=0 MIXER
C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
C 1 0.1 .952380952 .047619048 .047619048 0.0 0.0 1.0
C 2 0.2 .861678005 .138321995 .138321995 -.2776E-16 -.111E-15 1.0
BLANK card ending all TACS data
C 10 1.0 .386918466 .613081534 .613081534 -.3331E-15 -.4441E-15 1.0
C Variable max: .952380952 .613081534 .613081534 0.0 0.0 1.0
C Times of max: 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
C Variable min: 0.0 0.0 0.0 -.3331E-15 -.4441E-15 0.0
C Times of min: 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0
PRINTER PLOT
143 .2 0.0 1.0 S/1+S 1/S DC { Axis limits: (0.000, 1.000)
BLANK card ending plot cards
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 2nd of 8 cases: Simple TACS-only test of supplemental TACS device type 66
ABSOLUTE TACS DIMENSIONS
10 40 50 20 20 200 2000 100
C TEST FOR DEVICE 66
.0001 .03
1 1 1 1 1 -1
5 5 20 20
TACS STAND ALONE
DUM +ZERO
11DC1 1.0
11DC2 1.0 -1.0
14AC1 1.0 50.0
14AC2 1.0 50.0 -90. -1.0
14AC3 1.0 100.0 -1.0
88DV66A 66+AC1 +DC1 50.
88DV66B 66+AC2 +DC2 50.
88DV66C 66+AC2 -DC2 50.
88DV66D 66+AC2 +DC1 50.
88DV66E 66+AC1 +DC2 50.
88DV66F 66+AC2 +AC3 +DC2 50.
33DC1 DC2 AC1 AC2 DV66A DV66B DV66C DV66D DV66E DV66F
C Next 10 output variables belong to TACS (with "TACS" an internally-added u
C Step Time TACS TACS TACS TACS TACS TACS
C DC1 DC2 AC1 AC2 DV66A DV66B
C 0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 .6123E-16 0.0 1.22474487
C 1 .1E-3 1.0 1.0 .99950656 .031410759 .141386465 1.22474487
C 2 .2E-3 1.0 1.0 .998026728 .06279052 .199876678 1.22474487
BLANK card ending all TACS data
C 300 .03 1.0 1.0 -1. .39893E-13 1.22474487 1.22474487
C Variable maxima : 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.22474487 1.22474487
C Times of maxima : .1E-3 0.0 .02 .005 .0282 .03
C Variable minima : 0.0 1.0 -1. -1. 0.0 1.22474487
C Times of minima : 0.0 0.0 .01 .015 0.0 .0246
PRINTER PLOT
144 3. 0.0 30. DV66F DV66A { Axis limits: (0.000, 1.414)
BLANK card ending plot cards
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 3rd of 8 subcases begins the illustration and verification of Kizilcay
C frequency dependence, named after Dr. Mustafa Kizilcay of Lahmeyer
C International in Frankfurt, Germany. His doctoral dissertation at
C the University of Hannover was dominated by such modeling, although
C that work may have been restricted to Laplace transformation (possible
C alternate use of Z transformation is believed to be newer). In either
C case, TACS-like transfer functions are allowed not in TACS, but rather
C in the electric network. As subcases 3 through 6 are added to this
C standard test case on 8 May 1993, the most easily available reference
C for the average EMTP user would seem to be an 11-page contribution
C entitled "A New Branch in the ATP-EMTP: High-Order, Linear Admittance
C Model." This was published by LEC in its international journal titled
C EMTP News (see Vol. 6, No. 1, March 1993, pp. 19-29). In WordPerfect
C format, the associated disk file soon should be available from Prof.
C Bruce Mork's Fargo server of E-mail fame. Details should be found in
C the April, 1993, newsletter.
C Ordinary RLC branch representation
C Compare the results of this subcase with that of the following one.
C The circuit is driven by a voltage step (type-11 source).
C Series R-L-C branch has R = 0.05 ohm, L = 1 mH, C = 5 mF
C and the resistive load has RL = 0.05 ohm
C DELTAT TMAX XOPT COPT
.000500 .050 0. 0.
C IOUT IPLOT IDOUBL KSSOUT MAXOUT
1 1 1 1 1 -1
5 5 10 10
RES 0.05
GEN RES 0.05 1.0 5000. 1
BLANK card -- ending electrical branches --
BLANK card -- ending switches --
11GEN 10.
BLANK card -- ending sources --
C Step Time RES GEN GEN
C RES
C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
C 1 .5E-3 .120481928 10. 2.40963855
C 2 .1E-2 .349833067 10. 6.99666134
1
C 100 .05 -.00286701 10. -.05734015
C Variable maxima : .943967142 10. 18.8793428
C Times of maxima : .0035 .5E-3 .0035
C Variable minima : -.66356661 0.0 -13.271332
C Times of minima : .0105 0.0 .0105
BLANK card -- ending plot cards --
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 4th of 8 subcases is to be compared with the preceding 3rd. The two
C solutions should be identical. The same RLC circuit is represented
C here using a second order rational function as an admittance in the
C S-domain of Laplace transformation. This provides validation of
C Kizilcay frequency dependence for a very simple case where we have
C an alternate means of computing the transient.
C DELTAT TMAX XOPT COPT
.000500 .050 0. 0.
C IOUT IPLOT IDOUBL KSSOUT MAXOUT
1 1 1 1 1 -1
5 5 10 10
RES 0.05
C -- preceding R branch defines node names and output option
C <....>: dummy value!
GEN RES 99. 1
C The following illustrates F95 ability to size Kizilcay frequency-dependent
C tables. This documents the format. It is legal for F77, however, only
C because the 3 numbers shown equal the fixed, default dimensions. If any
C one of these numbers is changed for F77 use, an error termination should
C result. Any blank data field is converted automatically to the default
C value shown below. Change made 20 October 2000:
C MAXHAN MAXORD MAXTOT
C KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT LIMITS 30 25 1000
C The preceding has been moved downward 2 subcases. We want the first use
C of KFD not to have this declaration because lack of it caused trouble for
C F95 Lahey ATP prior to a correction to HANNFD on 19 November 2002.
C ---Request-------> < Order><------ Gain --------> |
KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT 2 1.0 S-transform
C -coeff. of numerator--><-coeff. of denominator->
0.0 1.0
0.005 2.5E-4
0.0 5.0E-6
BLANK card -- ending electrical branches --
BLANK card -- ending switches --
11GEN 10.
BLANK card -- ending sources --
C Step Time RES GEN GEN
C RES
C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
C 1 .5E-3 .120481928 10. 2.40963855
C 2 .1E-2 .349833067 10. 6.99666134
1
C 100 .05 -.00286701 10. -.05734015
C Variable maxima : .943967142 10. 18.8793428
C Times of maxima : .0035 .5E-3 .0035
C Variable minima : -.66356661 0.0 -13.271332
C Times of minima : .0105 0.0 .0105
BLANK card -- ending plot cards --
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 5th of 8 subcases continues illustration and verification of Kizilcay
C frequency dependence. Whereas subcases 3 and 4 considered only step
C excitation of the time-step loop beginning with 0 initial conditions,
C the concluding two cases will involve a continuation of the sinusoidal
C steady state. Here, we first establish a standard of comparison by
C using only tradition EMTP modeling.
C Ordinary RLC branch representation
C Compare the results of this subcase with that of the following subcase.
C The circuit is driven by a sinusoidal voltage source.
C Series R-L-C: R = 0.05 ohm, L = 1 mH, C = 5 mF
C and resistive load, RL = 0.05 ohm
C DELTAT TMAX XOPT COPT
.000500 .050 0. 0.
C IOUT IPLOT IDOUBL KSSOUT MAXOUT
1 1 1 1 1 -1
5 5 10 10
RES 0.05
GEN RES 0.05 1.0 5000. 1
BLANK card -- ending electrical branches --
BLANK card -- ending switches --
14GEN 10. 50. -1.
BLANK card -- ending sources --
C Step Time RES GEN GEN
C RES
C 0 0.0 .438670455 10. 8.7734091
C 1 .5E-3 .212452642 9.87688341 4.24905284
C 2 .1E-2 -.01899859 9.51056516 -.3799719
1
C 100 .05 -.44323561 -10. -8.8647122
C Variable maxima : 1.48971876 10. 29.7943752
C Times of maxima : .016 0.0 .016
C Variable minima : -1.491383 -10. -29.827659
C Times of minima : .026 .01 .026
BLANK card -- ending plot cards --
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 6th of 8 subcases continues illustration of Kizilcay F-dependence.
C This shows KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT modelling of the series RLC
C circuit in the Z-domain. The RLC circuit is represented by a second order
C rational function of admittance type in Z-transform. The coefficients are
C obtained by applying the bilinear transform to the rational function in
C Laplace domain.
C DELTAT TMAX XOPT COPT
0.0005 0.05 50.
C IOUT IPLOT IDOUBL KSSOUT MAXOUT ICAT
10 1 1 1 1 2
RES 0.05
C -- preceding R branch defines node names and output option
C <....>: dummy value!
GEN RES 99. 1
C The following illustrates F95 ability to size Kizilcay frequency-dependent
C tables. This documents the format. It is legal for F77, however, only
C because the 3 numbers shown equal the fixed, default dimensions. If any
C one of these numbers is changed for F77 use, an error termination should
C result. Any blank data field is converted automatically to the default
C value shown below. Change made 19 November 2002:
C MAXHAN MAXORD MAXTOT
KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT LIMITS 30 25 1000
C ---Request-------> < Order><------ Gain --------> |
KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT 2 1.0 Z-transform
C -coeff. of numerator--><-coeff. of denominator->
10.0 41.0
0.0 -79.0
-10.0 40.0
BLANK card -- ending electrical branches --
BLANK card -- ending switches --
14GEN 10. 50. -1.
BLANK card -- ending sources --
C Step Time RES GEN GEN
C RES
C 0 0.0 .443567421 10. 8.87134842
C 10 .005 -1.4216487 -.315E-14 -28.432974
1
C 100 .05 -.44356742 -10. -8.8713484
C Variable maxima : 1.48913814 10. 29.7827628
C Times of maxima : .036 0.0 .016
C Variable minima : -1.4891381 -10. -29.782763
C Times of minima : .026 .01 .026
BLANK card -- ending plot cards --
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 7th of 8 subcases illustrates higher-order Kizilcay F-dependence.
C It is a single-phase subset of the 3-phase data named KFDHEV.DAT
C that was received from Orlando Hevia attached to E-mail dated
C 23 November 2002. But Orlando said that he received it from Ricardo
C Ricardo Tenorio of ABB in Vasteras, Sweden. It seems this is a low-
C or intermediate-order approximation that was "derived from ATP
C simulations, although the system represented is a real one" (see
C E-mail dated 2002-12-11, 7:39). Mr. Tenorio was the first to report
C stability problems of KFD for high order and small dT as first
C mentioned in the January, 2003, newsletter. Well, that high-order
C data is proprietary (secret), so can not be disclosed. But the
C general phenomenon can be illustrated using the lower-order
C approximation of this subcase. Consider what happens if dT differs
C from the 2 microseconds (usec) of the miscellaneous data card:
C dT = 3 usec would be perfectly sinusoidal. That final cycle [60, 80] msec
C has maximum current = 4117 (at 61.06 msec) and min = -4112 (at 71.07
C msec). This is very symmetrical and balanced. Also, the phasor solution
C has 4138, which seems plenty close. So all is well at dT = 3 usec using
C 64 bits of Salford precision. But 2 usec differs. It adjusts to sinusoid
C during 1st cycle. The phasor solution is not too different at 4138. But
C the dT loop is quite different. That final cycle [60, 80] msec has maximum
C current of only 3272 (at 61.24 msec) and min = -3322 (at 71.28). Yet,
C even with the obvious error (too small amplitude), stability seems good.
C Both 1.9 and 2.1 usec do _not_ adjust, but rather become highly distorted
C over the first 40 msec (1st of 2 plots). The second plot, over [40, 80],
C clearly is diverging. The amplitude of the current grows exponentially.
C So, on both sides of dT = 2.0 usec there is instability whereas dT = 2.0
C seems perfectly stable & sinusoidal at 80 msec. All of this is using 64
C bits of Salford EMTP precision. Using 128-bit Lahey, there is no hint of
C distortion anywhere. The graph for dT = 3.0 usec seems identical to 1.9
C or 2.0 usec. Conclusion: for 64 bits, dT = 3 usec is close to the
C stability limits of the KFD model.
C Addition on 10 December 2002: Having tested Watcom, GNU Mingw32, and
C 64-bit F95 Lahey, it can be reported that all behave comparably, but
C differently. Each has different roundoff, so numbers are different.
C But the graphs look similar. So, be advised that one can not easily
C compare any two of the .LIS files using Mike Albert's FC. Human
C intelligence is required. But for larger time steps, comparisons are
C perfect. To see this, consider the 4th subcase of DC-48. This uses
C the same data, but a larger step size of dT = 100 usec. FC indicates
C perfect agreement in this case.
PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns)
BEGIN PEAK VALUE SEARCH .060 { Compare max & min over just 1 cycle
POWER FREQUENCY 50. { Nicer period than using Hevia's 60 Hz
.0000020 .080
1 7 1 1 1 -1
5 5 20 20 100 100 1000 1000
C ONLY KFD ELEMENT IS HERE: THE CASE IS UNSTABLE FOR SMALL DELTAT
C NETWORK EQUIVALENT BY KFD
C <-BUS1<-BUS2<-BUS3<-BUS4<----R<----L<----C
SOURCA 99. 1
C PUNCH-OUT FILE GENERATED BY ARMAFIT (NODA SETUP)
KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT 6 1.00000E+000 S
2.55564999999999990E-002 1.00000000000000000E+000
2.58174256593059220E-006 1.26190169827623520E-003
3.44528114161255420E-008 6.56757488674167030E-007
2.16578732571550020E-012 6.22037676357393080E-010
7.77318622992575270E-015 1.10717058895704090E-013
2.25856143523397890E-019 5.18376352266273340E-017
3.19918022205034290E-022 4.41171918010679540E-021
BLANK card ending branch cards
BLANK card ending switch cards (none)
14SOURCA 187794.214 50. 0. -1.
C 14SOURCA 187794.214 60. 90. { -1.
BLANK card ending source cards
SOURCA
BLANK card ending node voltage output requests
CALCOMP PLOT { Switch to screen from printer plot of a preceding subcase
194 4. 0.0 40. SOURCA dT = 2.0 usec H(s) current
194 4. 40. 80. SOURCA 2nd 40 msec H(s) current
BLANK card ending plot cards
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C 8th of 8 subcases continues illustration of Kizilcay F-dependence.
C The following illustrates F95 ability to erase Kizilcay frequency-dependent
C tables. This documents the format. For F77, no storage actually is closed,
C however. For F77, the declaration has no effect on memory.
0.0005 0.05
1 1
C MAXHAN MAXORD MAXTOT
KIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT LIMITS -1 { Special 1st of 3 integers ==> close
DUMMY 1.0 { Dummy branch will confirm branch data input
$STOP { Since done showing cancellation of Kizilcay tables, terminate execution
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
BLANK
|
