BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C BENCHMARK DCNEW-1 C Test of automatic U.M. initialization using Type-4 (the induction) mode. C Continuation of steady-state only (no real transient). No external rotor C circuit. Machine rating is as follows: C 2.541 MVA, 4.2 KV, 4 POLE ( 85.67% efficiency at 0.846 PF C and 14.0E+3 NM.; KIPP TORQUE = 79.157E+3 NM, SLP = 24.3% ) POWER FREQUENCY, 60, { Corrects possible 50-Hz declaration of European STARTUP ABSOLUTE U.M. DIMENSIONS, 20, 2, 50, 60, PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000200 .100 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 20 20 100 100 C --------- ROTOR EXTERNAL RESISTANCES BUSA2 BUSAS2 1.0E-4 10.0 1 BUSB2 BUSBS2BUSA2 BUSAS2 BUSC2 BUSCS2BUSA2 BUSAS2 C --------- CONNECTIVITY OF EMTP FOR ELECTRIC NETWORK BUSAS2 1.0E+6 BUSBS2 BUSAS2 BUSCS2 BUSAS2 C --------- MECHANICAL NETWORK COMPONENTS BUSMG BUSMGR .4548 1 BUSMGR BUSMG BUSMGR BUSMG 9.8E+7 1 C -------- FOR MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROMECHANICAL TORQUE BUSMS BUSMG 1.0E-6 1 BLANK card ending branch cards BLANK card ending nonexistent switch cards C --------- SOURCES FOR INFINITE BUS 14BUSAS2 3000.0 60.0 0.0 -1.0 14BUSBS2 3000.0 60.0 -120.0 -1.0 14BUSCS2 3000.0 60.0 +120.0 -1.0 C --------- 3-PHASE SOURCES AT ROTOR SIDE (ACTUAL FREQ SET BY SS): C --------- MECHANICAL INPUT TORQUE (ACTUAL VALUE SET BY SS): 14BUSMS -1 0.000001 0.00001 -1.0 19 UM { Beginning of U.M. data 1 BLANK CARD ENDING CLASS 1 UM DATA CARDS C UM-1 MACHINE TABLE : 4 111BUSMG 2 0.1885 0.02358 0.02358 2.0 0.0 BUSMS C UM-1 COIL TABLE BUSA2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSB2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSC2 1 0.110 0.0012 1 0.110 0.0012 1 1 BLANK card terminating all U.M. data C --------------+------------------------------ C From bus name | Names of all adjacent busses. C --------------+------------------------------ C BUSA2 |BUSAS2*UM1TLA* C BUSAS2 |TERRA *BUSA2 * C BUSB2 |BUSBS2*UM1TLB* C BUSBS2 |TERRA *BUSB2 * C BUSC2 |BUSCS2*UM1TLC* C BUSCS2 |TERRA *BUSC2 * C BUSMG |TERRA *BUSMGR*BUSMS *UM1MCC* C BUSMGR |TERRA *BUSMG * C BUSMS |BUSMG * C UM1TLA |BUSA2 * C UM1TLB |BUSB2 * C UM1TLC |BUSC2 * C UM1MCC |BUSMG * C TERRA |BUSAS2*BUSBS2*BUSCS2*BUSMG *BUSMGR* C --------------+------------------------------ BLANK card ending all electric-network sources C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.399999999990E+01 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.879270126241E+04 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.879220126241E+04 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.880006219404E+04 C Last inject: BUSCS2 -1500. 3000. 182.2227379651 376.33814334153 C Last inject: 2598.0762113533 120.0000 329.27992939481 61.0399614 BUSAS2BUSA2 BUSMG { Selective node voltage outputs C Step Time BUSAS2 BUSA2 BUSMG BUSA2 BUSMG C BUSAS2 BUSMGR C C UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C OMEGM THETAM IPA IPB IPC C 0 0.0 3000. 1784.374675 184.725648 -194.050415 203.0844855 C 184.725648 .7853981634 -194.050415 376.2746528 -182.224238 C 1 .2E-3 2991.476701 1834.302202 184.7256479 -217.778001 203.0844854 C 184.725648 .822343293 -217.778001 374.6919354 -156.913934 BLANK card terminating output variable requests C 500 0.1 3000. 1783.984613 184.7241591 -193.987564 203.0828486 C 184.725648 19.25796297 -193.987564 376.1921117 -182.204548 C Variable maxima : 3000. 1928.26504 184.725648 376.2415171 203.0844855 C 184.725648 19.25796297 376.2415171 376.2781467 376.2139786 C Times of maxima : 0.0 .001 0.0 .0944 0.0 C 0.0 0.1 .0944 .0166 .0722 C Variable minima : -3000. -1928.26734 184.7241591 -376.246896 203.0828486 C 184.725648 .7853981634 -376.246896 -376.228394 -376.231626 C Times of minima : .075 .026 0.1 .0194 0.1 C 0.0 0.0 .0194 .0916 .0972 PRINTER PLOT 194 10 0.0 100 UM-1 OMEGM UM-1 THETAM { Plot limits: (0.000, 1.847) 194 20 0.0 100 BUSMG BUSMGRUM-1 TQGEN { Plot limits: (-4.168, 0.203) BLANK card terminating plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 2nd of 7 subcases is related to first. Solution is nearly the same. Two C changes have been made. First, prediction rather than compensation is C used ("1" in column 15 on 2nd card). Second, two copies of the induction C machine are in parallel (armature terminals). The two machines do have C separate (but identical) mechanical networks, however. The impedance that C connects armature coils to the infinite bus has been halved in order to C keep the solution the same until the fault (armature phase "a" to ground) C at 20 msec. This simulation has been stopped at 50 msec, but others have C run to 1/2 second with interesting results. For example, fault current C still shows a sizable dc offset that is decaying very slowly. The speed C demonstrates a small but troublesome oscillation on each time step. If C the fault switch is erased, then the simulation agrees closely with the C first subcase. POWER FREQUENCY, 60, { Corrects possible 50-Hz declaration of European STARTUP ABSOLUTE U.M. DIMENSIONS, 20, 2, 50, 60, PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000200 .050 1 1 1 0 1 -1 5 5 20 20 100 1 105 5 120 20 C Impedance (series R-L) connects armature coils with sinusoidal sources: BUSA2 BUSAS2 .50E-4 5.0 1 BUSB2 BUSBS2BUSA2 BUSAS2 BUSC2 BUSCS2BUSA2 BUSAS2 C --------- CONNECTIVITY OF EMTP FOR ELECTRIC NETWORK BUSAS2 .50E+6 BUSBS2 BUSAS2 BUSCS2 BUSAS2 C ======== Begin mechanical network for 1st of 2 parallel induction machines: BUSMG BUSMGR .4548 1 BUSMGR BUSMG BUSMGR BUSMG 9.8E+7 1 BUSMG 9.8E+7 1 BUSMS BUSMG 1.0E-6 { To measure electromagnetic torque } 1 C ======== Begin mechanical network for 2nd of 2 parallel induction machines: GUSMG GUSMGR .4548 1 GUSMGR GUSMG GUSMGR GUSMG 9.8E+7 1 GUSMS GUSMG 1.0E-6 { To measure electromagnetic torque } 1 BLANK card ending branch cards BUSA2 .0199 1.0 { Retard by dt/2 so close at 20 msec } 1 BLANK card terminating all switch cards C --------- SOURCES FOR INFINITE BUS 14BUSAS2 3000.0 60.0 0.0 -1.0 14BUSBS2 3000.0 60.0 -120.0 -1.0 14BUSCS2 3000.0 60.0 +120.0 -1.0 C --------- 3-PHASE SOURCES AT ROTOR SIDE (ACTUAL FREQ SET BY SS): C --------- MECHANICAL INPUT TORQUE (ACTUAL VALUE SET BY SS): 14BUSMS -1 0.000001 0.00001 -1.0 14GUSMS -1 0.000001 0.00001 -1.0 19 UM { Beginning of U.M. data 1 1 BLANK CARD ENDING CLASS 1 UM DATA CARDS C UM-1 MACHINE TABLE : 4 111BUSMG 2 0.1885 0.02358 0.02358 2.0 0.0 BUSMS C UM-1 COIL TABLE BUSA2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSB2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSC2 1 0.110 0.0012 1 0.110 0.0012 1 1 4 111GUSMG 2 0.1885 0.02358 0.02358 2.0 0.0 GUSMS BUSA2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSB2 1 0.412 0.0012 BUSC2 1 0.110 0.0012 1 0.110 0.0012 1 1 BLANK card terminating all U.M. data BLANK card ending all electric-network sources C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.434204163862E+06 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.746481733467E+06 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 2.447413291234E+07 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 2.447413191234E+07 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 2.447414763420E+07 C Step Time BUSAS2 BUSA2 BUSMG BUSA2 BUSA2 C TERRA BUSAS2 C C BUSMS GUSMG GUSMG GUSMS UM-1 C BUSMG GUSMGR TERRA GUSMG TQGEN C C UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C IPB IPC IE1 IE2 IE3 C C UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 C IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C 0 0.0 3000. 1784.374675 184.725648 0.0 -388.10083 C -3965.07077 203.0844855 0.0 -3965.07077 -4168.15526 C 376.2746528 -182.224238 62.0743506 -362.34101 -87.7863885 C -194.050415 376.2746528 -182.224238 62.0743506 -362.34101 C 1 .2E-3 2991.476701 1834.404076 184.725648 0.0 -435.553965 C -3965.07077 203.0844854 -.092693806 -3965.07077 -4168.06256 C 374.6920465 -156.915064 161.7505543 -308.470816 146.7202621 C -217.776982 374.6920465 -156.915064 161.7505543 -308.470816 BUSAS2BUSA2 BUSMG { Selective node voltage outputs BLANK card terminating output variable requests C 250 .05 3000. 0.0 183.9807585 -1085.80689 804.5211912 C -3965.07077 201.4660671 -114.046535 -3965.07077 -3834.24844 C 480.8586416 -288.589529 192.2606971 -403.962505 211.7018082 C -150.261378 499.5514745 -288.045306 219.3886975 -425.409154 C Variable max : 3000. 1928.308447 184.725648 3888.235034 2395.399979 C -3965.07077 203.0844855 3222.786447 -3965.07077 13430.35234 C 480.8586416 536.090637 1076.526092 1065.863054 274.4477824 C 1549.98802 499.5514745 544.7564009 1078.265346 1064.943318 C Times of maxima : 0.0 .001 0.0 .0374 .0292 C .0412 0.0 .032 .0412 .0272 C .05 .0388 .0306 .0276 .0244 C .0374 .05 .0388 .0306 .0276 C Variable minima : -3000. -1928.21025 183.9697478 -6518.05923 -785.871968 C -3965.07077 201.4385025 -17586.9944 -3965.07077 -7353.74079 C -465.029322 -560.658809 -574.664871 -544.13558 -1315.26592 C -2074.00287 -474.993058 -576.837968 -574.678392 -556.13293 C Times of minima : .025 .0094 .0478 .0288 .0208 C 0.0 .0478 .0272 0.0 .032 C .042 .0472 .026 .049 .029 C .0286 .042 .0472 .026 .049 PRINTER PLOT C 193.05 0.0 .5 165.185.UM-1 OMEGM UM-2 OMEGM { Plot limits: () 194 5. 0.0 50 UM-1 TQGEN UM-2 TQGEN { Plot limits: (-0.739, 1.343) C 193.05 0.0 .5 UM-1 TQGEN UM-2 TQGEN { Plot limits: () 194 10 0.0 50 BUSA2 { Plot limits: (-6.518, 3.888) C 193.05 0.0 .5 BUSA2 { Plot limits: () BLANK card terminating plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 3rd of 7 subcases is unrelated to preceding 2. Oh, the U.M. is involved C as an induction motor, but this subcase illustrates troubled starting C from zero. The data is from Gabor Furst of suburban Vancouver, B.C., C Canada. In E-mail dated April 8th, he wrote about attached data files C TCOMP.DAT and TPRED.DAT (compensation and prediction, respectively). C Using prediction and no automatic initialization, one observes C divergence of the iteration for mechanical speed OMEGM on step 3. C This is for TPRED. TCOMP has no such trouble (see following subcase). C WINDSYN is Gabor Furst's MS Windows program that generates data for C the U.M. From comments that follow, WINDSYN seems to have been used C to produce the data. There were several "/" cards for sorting, but WSM C removed them to simplify the data. He also removed AVERAGE OUTPUT, C since it had nothing to do with the troubled iteration for speed. The C maximum number of iterations for U.M. speed is MAXZNO, which originally C was introduced as the iteration limit for ZnO surge arresters. Since the C default value is 50, this has been reduced to 20. Even 10 would be fine. C Additional iterations do not help. As the .DBG file will show, speed C is neither converging nor diverging; it just bounces around over a very C wide range that includes both positive and negative values. The three C switches in series with the armature windings were removed without effect. C Subcases 3, 4, and 5 were added to DCN1 on 18 April 2003. WSM. C WindSyn test case C generated on 4/7/03 for RoundDamp PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 11, 1, { Return to default precision for dT loop columns ZINC OXIDE 20 { MAXZNO is used as iteration limit for omega of U.M. POWER FREQUENCY, 50.0, .50E-4 .020 1 1 1 1 C Note about preceding dT and T-max. Obviously, T-max is immaterial since C the simulation will end on step 3. As for dT, 50 usec is the value Gabor C Furst used. It can be changed over a wide range without affecting the halt C on step 3. As dT becomes smaller, the speed error becomes bigger. Smaller C dT (50 usec already is small) provides no help. Shown below, OMEGM is on C the order of 1.E+13 as the iteration diverges. Using 1/2 msec, this will C drop to 1.E9. Yes, better, but still completely wrong. The correct value C is less than unity (the machine started with speed equal to zero). C ELECTRIC NETWORK DATA C BUS**>BUS**>BUS**>BUS**><****R<****L<**** C short circuit level = 83 MVA C the machine rating entered was 834.47 kVA SRCA MOTA .767 3.83 SRCB MOTB .767 3.83 SRCC MOTC .767 3.83 MOTA 1.E06 MOTB 1.E06 MOTC 1.E06 C INERS INER 1.E-6 IX 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER .11 {damping 1/mho} BLANK card ending BRANCHes INERS IX -1 1000. BLANK card ending SWITCHes C SOURCE DATA C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C Source voltages 14SRCA 8164.965 50.00 0.0 { Vt } 14SRCB 8164.965 50.00 240.0 14SRCC 8164.965 50.00 120.0 C next the source records required C source for the mechanical analogue 14INERS -1 0.000001 .0000001 C Note about 4 preceding Type-14 sources. Gabor Furst had T-start = -1.0 C in columns 61-70. This added a phasor solution, but it did not help. The C error termination on Step 3 is unaffect, so WSM removed the phasor solution. 19 { Begin U.M. data, which is an electrical source of type 19 (columns 1-2) C Col.2 = 0 Decoupled, = 1 Autoinitialize ----- Col. 15 =0 Compensation, =1 Prediction 0 1 { Col. 2 ==> no automatic initialization; col. 15 ==> prediction BLANK 3 1 111 INER 2 .157 { Col. 2 ==> Type-3 U.M. 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOTA 1 .980484 .031413 MOTB 1 .980484 .031413 MOTC 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 BLANK card ending U.M. data BLANK card ending SOURCEs C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C NODE VOLTAGE OUTPUT MOTA MOTB MOTC C First 3 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Final 7 output variables pertain to Type-19 U.M. components (names are generated internally); C Step Time MOTA MOTB MOTC UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C *** Phasor I(0) = 1.9294775E-17 Switch "INERS " to "IX " closed in the steady-state. C 0 0.0 8164.95874 -4082.4879 -4082.4709 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .5E-4 8163.9516 -3970.9169 -4193.0347 -.1455E-10 0.0 -8326.4506 4049.95584 4276.49477 -9920.3201 155.828901 C 2 .1E-3 .7986173E9 -.333422E9 -.465196E9 -.157354E9 213.40578 -.809326E9 .3378925E9 .4714332E9 -.965174E9 .8156453E8 BLANK card ending requests for node voltage output C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ C ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ERROR/ C ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ C You lose, fella. The EMTP logic has detected an error condition ... C KILL code number Overlay number Nearby statement number C 91 19 14400 C KILL = 91. The mechanical speed iteration of the U.M. has failed to converge within iteration limit ITUMAX = 20 at time T = C 1.50000000E-04. This is for machine number JM = 1, which has a required convergence tolerance EPSOM = 1.57000000E-01. It is C possible that the time-step DELTAT of the simulation is too large, or that EPSOM or ITUMAX is too small. These are easily C checked. More complicated is nonconvergence due to an error with U.M. data, about which little can be said in general. C Further information supporting this KILL = 91 error stop can be found C toward the end of the .DBG file. Values of the OMEGM iteration appear: C Error. Speed iteration did not converge. Look at the series of speeds: C 2.76E+13 -9.62E+11 -2.36E+13 -2.20E+13 -2.95E+13 2.56E+13 2.46E+13 -2.89E+13 C -2.43E+13 2.64E+13 -2.71E+13 5.11E+12 -2.55E+13 6.30E+12 2.69E+13 -3.06E+12 C 2.19E+13 -7.18E+12 2.92E+13 -1.72E+13 -4.27E+12 BLANK card ending batch-mode plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 4th of 7 subcases is the same as the preceding except that prediction has C been replaced by compensation. In theory, this is TCOMP. But in fact, C Gabor mistakenly sent a synchronous machine for TPRED and TCOMP. The same C phenomenon can be illustrated using these, but that is not being done. C Subsequent reception of TPREDB and TCOMPB contained the desired Type-3 C data, and this, in fact, is what is being used. This simulation only C lasts 2.5 cycles, but can be extended to 1/4 second to see that OMEGM does C reach its terminal load speed of nearly 157 radians/sec (the synchronous C mechanical speed corresponding to zero slip). C WindSyn test case C generated on 4/13/03 for Single Cage UM 3 - decoupled start with compensation NEW LIST SIZES BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 1 through 10 0 0 36400 BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 21 through 30 240000 { Final card of VARDIM data is for offsets for supporting programs C The preceding 5 cards size tables for much longer simulations. If dT is C smaller and/or T-max is much larger, List 13 will truncate batch-mode plots C over the entire timespan. The preceding 36400 is the limit in LISTSIZE.BPA POWER FREQUENCY, 50.0, C AVERAGE OUTPUT { Activate to suppress trap rule oscillation in armature volt. .000500 .050 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 C ELECTRIC NETWORK DATA C BUS**>BUS**>BUS**>BUS**><****R<****L<**** C short circuit level = 83 MVA C the machine rating entered was 834.47 kVA SRCA MOTA .767 3.83 SRCB MOTB .767 3.83 SRCC MOTC .767 3.83 MOTA 1.E06 MOTB 1.E06 MOTC 1.E06 C INERS INER 1.E-6 IX 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER .11 {damping 1/mho} BLANK ending BRANCHes INERS IX -1 1000. BLANK card ending SWITCHes C SOURCE DATA C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C Source voltages 14SRCA 8164.965 50.00 0.0 { Vt } 14SRCB 8164.965 50.00 240.0 14SRCC 8164.965 50.00 120.0 C C next the source records required C source for the mechanical analogue 14INERS -1 0.000001 .0000001 C Note about 4 preceding Type-14 sources. Gabor Furst had T-start of cols. C 61-70 equal to -1.0, but the effect was to add a small trapezoidal rule C oscillation to the armature voltages. This then was removed by his use of C AVERAGE OUTPUT. Well, removing the phasor solution not only saves the work C of this computation, it also eliminates the trapezoidal rule oscillation C and does away with the need for AVERAGE OUTPUT. Otherwise, the startup C seems unaffected. So, no phasor solution. Since the machine begins with C all variables equal to zero, it is not surprising that the phasor solution C did little good. Without the phasor solution, this simulation is similar C to DC-35, note. Each starts a 3-phase induction motor without either auto C initialization or manually-supplied initial conditions. Each begins with C all variables equal to zero. C UM dat 19 C Col.2 = 0 Decoupled, = 1 Autoinitialize ----- Col. 15 =0 Compensation, =1 Prediction 0 0 { Col. 2 ==> no automatic initialization; col. 15 ==> compensation BLANK C 3 1 111 INER 2 .157 { Gabor's EPSOM 3 1 111 INER 2 .005 C Note about preceding. Gabor had EPSOM = .157, which is 0.1% of 157 radians C per second. This is the default value: the speed iteration will continue C until the change is less than 0.1% or synchronous speed = 2 * 3.14 * 50 = C 314 rad/sec. But this is electrical. For mechanical, 2 pole pairs will C reduce this to 157 rad/sec. Well, the effect of using EPSOM = .157 is C hash that looks almost like (but is not) trapezoidal rule oscillation. The C frequency is high, but less than 0.5/dT of the trapezoidal rule. Lowered C EPSOM has no physical effect, & effects the overall simulation negligibly. C But the hash looks bad. To prove that EPSOM is responsible, WSM decreases C the tolerance, thereby making the OMEGM curve perfectly smooth. 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOTA 1 .980484 .031413 MOTB 1 .980484 .031413 MOTC 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 BLANK card ending U.M. data BLANK card ending SOURCEs MOTA MOTB MOTC C First 3 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Final 7 output variables pertain to Type-19 U.M. components (names are generated internally); C Step Time MOTA MOTB MOTC UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C *** Switch "INERS " to "IX " closed before 0.00000000E+00 sec. C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .5E-3 7578.83363 -2749.8665 -4828.9671 -.8882E-14 0.0 -30.178727 10.9499 19.2288271 -35.938915 5.69216487 C 2 .1E-2 7266.22683 -1583.9333 -5682.2935 -.49474828 0.0 -88.512952 27.9245391 60.5884132 -105.37025 22.452127 C 3 .0015 6775.59911 -383.70148 -6391.8976 -5.3447769 0.0 -142.14459 35.0395236 107.105068 -169.12977 49.5195201 C 4 .002 6119.87287 821.040152 -6940.913 -21.8133 0.0 -189.82973 32.3949561 157.434779 -225.74199 85.8908064 C 5 .0025 5314.27286 2001.14898 -7315.4218 -59.931159 0.0 -230.46855 20.3228376 210.145711 -273.90453 130.343662 C 10 .005 -161.65687 6576.68037 -6415.0235 -1020.0826 .015959779 -302.60731 -155.04575 457.653057 -358.12087 419.838698 BLANK card ending request for node voltage outputs C 100 .05 -7657.0908 3639.92922 4017.16154 -3480.5588 2.07810665 67.2105663 -384.61622 317.405655 9.05104642 474.85305 C Variable maxima: 7663.44456 7638.23782 7699.01515 12225.9976 3.05521655 428.48451 354.32403 561.493051 509.492281 713.091662 C Times of maxima: .02 .0465 .013 .045 .0405 .0145 .041 .0075 .0145 .009 C Variable minima: -7657.0908 -7725.8797 -7609.1885 -17792.623 0.0 -390.53593 -582.50024 -348.59254 -470.03027 -425.76675 C Times of minima: .05 .0165 .043 .0345 0.0 .0445 .0105 .038 .045 .0395 CALCOMP PLOT 144 5. 0.0 50. MOTA MOTB MOTC 194 5. 0.0 50. BRANCH UM-1 IPA UM-1 IPB UM-1 IPC 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 IE1 UM-1 IE2 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 TQGEN 194 5. 0.0 50. -1. 3.0UM-1 OMEGM BLANK card ending batch-mode plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 5th of 7 subcases is a corrected version of the 3rd. Gabor Furst C reported his discovery in E-mail dated April 14th. He proposed that C we "initialize ... with the machine breaker open, thus the machine C isolated from the system, using autoinitialization for which prediction C ought to work. Then we close the breaker say in the first time step. C ... the run did not fail, but the ensuing transient was not the same C as obtained from the regular compensation ... Then something suddenly C dawned on me. ... I decided to fool ATP into reading a starting C frequency of 0.1 Hz, this the constant FREQ in record 1. Lo and behold C this worked. The results were the same as the run with the decoupled C compensation method." As stored by WSM, the latest data files have C names TCOMPNEW and TPREDNEW. C WindSyn test case C generated on 4/13/03 for Single Cage UM 3 - decoupled start with compensation NEW LIST SIZES BLANK 0 0 36400 BLANK 240000 POWER FREQUENCY, 50.0, C AVERAGE OUTPUT { No longer need to remove hash (smaller EPSOM solves this) .000500 .050 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 C ELECTRIC NETWORK DATA C BUS**>BUS**>BUS**>BUS**><****R<****L<**** C short circuit level = 83 MVA C the machine rating entered was 834.47 kVA SRCA BUSMA .767 3.83 SRCB BUSMB .767 3.83 SRCC BUSMC .767 3.83 MOTA 1.E06 MOTB 1.E06 MOTC 1.E06 C INERS INER 1.E-6 IX 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER .11 {damping 1/mho} BLANK card ending BRANCHes C Following 3 switches have T-close = dT/2. They will close on 1st time step: BUSMA MOTA .000025 1000. BUSMB MOTB .000025 1000. BUSMC MOTC .000025 1000. INERS IX -1. 1000. BLANK card ending SWITCHes C SOURCE DATA C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C Source voltages 14SRCA 8164.965 50.00 0.0 { Vt } -1. 14SRCB 8164.965 50.00 240.0 -1. 14SRCC 8164.965 50.00 120.0 -1. C C next the source records required C source for the mechanical analogue 14INERS -1 0.000001 .0000001 -1. C UM dat 19 C Col.2 = 0 Decoupled, = 1 Autoinitialize ----- Col. 15 =0 Compensation, =1 Prediction 1 1 { Col. 2 ==> automatic initialization; col. 15 ==> compensation BLANK C Note about following. As for preceding subcase, EPSOM has been reduced C from the default .157 to .005 to eliminate trapezoidal-rule-like hash. That C is a detail, but not critically important. What is critically important C is the addition of a believable initial frequency. Gabor used 0.1, and C WSM arbitrarily reduces this (after all, the machine begins at zero) to .02: C 3 1 111 INER 2 .157 0.1 { Gabor's card 3 1 111 INER 2 .005 .02 1.125287 1.125287 0.0 INERS C Armature coils MOTA 1 .980484 .031413 MOTB 1 .980484 .031413 MOTC 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 BLANK card ending U.M. data C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 5.000000000000E-01 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 5.000000000000E-01 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 5.179447380305E-01 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.794473528970E-02 BLANK card ending SOURCEs C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C NODE VOLTAGE OUTPUT MOTA MOTB MOTC C First 3 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Final 7 output variables pertain to Type-19 U.M. components (names are generated internally); C Step Time MOTA MOTB MOTC UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C *** Phasor I(0) = -2.7471728E-06 Switch "INERS " to "IX " closed in the steady-state. C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .062831853 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C *** Close switch "BUSMA " to "MOTA " after 5.00000000E-04 sec. C *** Close switch "BUSMB " to "MOTB " after 5.00000000E-04 sec. C *** Close switch "BUSMC " to "MOTC " after 5.00000000E-04 sec. C 1 .5E-3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -.00681755 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 2 .1E-2 6889.95385 -1506.2217 -5383.7322 -.1421E-13 -.00681755 -54.409056 11.8944338 42.5146218 -21.051495 -64.794511 C 3 .0015 6774.81805 -449.01361 -6325.8044 -1.7336905 -.00681755 -134.73081 21.3086355 113.422179 -63.308508 -160.38081 C 4 .002 6346.75373 699.055774 -7045.8095 -15.789751 -.00681755 -169.06787 8.33061014 160.737257 -104.6984 -201.10611 C 5 .0025 5296.81585 1959.48466 -7256.3005 -48.513561 -.00681755 -198.66848 -11.619478 210.287956 -152.37686 -236.14834 C 10 .005 -72.939405 6516.97381 -6444.0344 -921.49692 .009585296 -253.15369 -206.10455 459.258236 -455.87668 -299.54205 BLANK card ending request for node voltage outputs C 100 .05 -7628.9146 3673.42423 3955.49034 -2802.3519 2.11520703 113.847447 -403.726 289.878558 -477.50811 61.7298745 C Variable maxima: 7647.20791 7607.33076 7662.95758 12363.5249 3.10899113 461.052708 354.903207 540.669936 431.477956 547.201164 C Times of maxima: .02 .0465 .0135 .045 .0405 .014 .041 .007 .0395 .014 C Variable minima: -7628.9146 -7700.2932 -7587.2219 -18068.854 -.00681755 -390.16525 -600.55828 -358.58824 -711.87989 -472.887 C Times of minima: .05 .0165 .0435 .035 .004 .044 .0105 .0375 .0085 .0445 C 78901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890 144 5. 0.0 50. MOTA MOTB MOTC 194 5. 0.0 50. BRANCH UM-1 IPA UM-1 IPB UM-1 IPC 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 IE1 UM-1 IE2 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 TQGEN 194 5. 0.0 50. -1. 3.0UM-1 OMEGM BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 6th of 7 subcases illustrates the starting of 2 parallel induction C motors. Compensation is used, and the two machines are separated by C two stub lines (short distributed-parameter transmission lines that C isolate the uses of compensation). The two machines are identical; C each is a copy of that used in the 4th subcase. The stub lines include C use of "Stub line, dT =" to free the data from dependence on dT. Much C larger time step dT is being used as an illustration. Whereas Gabor Furst C supplied the data with dT = 5 usec, note that 0.2 msec is being used. C Plots of machine torque, speed, and armature current are little affected C by the huge increase. The speed is slightly reduced. This seems right: C as the stub lines lengthen, they represent a higher impedance. C Single Cage UM 3 - decoupled initialization with compensation of two C parallel units on the same bus, using delay lines to permit compensation. C the delay line is the minimum length for DELTAT = 5 usec. NEW LIST SIZES BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 1 through 10 0 0 36400 BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 21 through 30 240000 { Final card of VARDIM data is for offsets for supporting programs PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 10, 2, { dT loop output is width 10 including 2 blanks POWER FREQUENCY, 50., C AVERAGE OUTPUT C Note about preceding. The terminal voltage begins with some hash that C takes a cycle or so to disappear. Perhaps Gabor Furst added the request C to average successive output points in an attempt to remove this hash. C But the hash disappears naturally, and in any case is not seen in any C of the other plots. It seems best to omit AVERAGE OUTPUT. This assures C the user that what he sees is what the trapezoidal rule really produced. .000200 .050 { Gabor Furst's original data had dT = 5 usec & T-max = 3 sec 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 20 20 100 100 C ELECTRIC NETWORK DATA C BUS**>BUS**>BUS**>BUS**><****R<****L<**** C short circuit level = 83 MVA C the machine rating entered was 834.47 kVA SRCA BUSMA .767 3.83 SRCB BUSMB .767 3.83 SRCC BUSMC .767 3.83 C DELAY LINE TO MOTOR #1 -1BUSMA MOTA 0.001 .0987 0.408 1.00 { Stub line, dT = 5.E-6 -2BUSMB MOTB 0.001 .0987 0.408 1.00 -3BUSMC MOTC C DELAY LINE TO MOTOR #2 -1BUSMA MOT2A 0.001 .0987 0.408 1.00 { Stub line, dT = 5.E-6 -2BUSMB MOT2B 0.001 .0987 0.408 1.00 -3BUSMC MOT2C C Note about preceding "{ Stub line ..." declaration. This can begin in C any column. However, the string beginning with the comment symbol and C ending with the equal sign is fixed. It is to be followed by the value C of DELTAT for which the line was designed. Without this new feature, use C of the original DELTAT = 5.E-6 would have been fine, but 10.E-6 would C have failed. A KILL = 29 error message from overlay 12 would report: "The C distributed parameter branch card connecting ... is associated with a C propagation mode having a travel time equal to 6.34583328E-06 seconds. C But this is less than the time-step size DELTAT, which is illegal. ..." C Of course, the dT value is free-format. Note that there is an implied C restriction to narrow-format (as shown). Input data is limited to 80 C columns, and a switch to the wide alternative of $VINTAGE, 1, would not C allow sufficient space for the required tag. INERS INER 1.E-6 IX 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER .11 {damping 1/mho} C INERS2INER2 1.E-6 IX2 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER2 .11 {damping 1/mho} BLANK card ending BRANCHes INERS IX -1 1000. INERS2IX2 -1 1000. BLANK card ending SWITCHes C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C SOURCE DATA C .......1.........2.........3.........4.........5.........6.........7.........8 C Source voltages 14SRCA 8164.965 50.00 0.0 { Vt } -1. 14SRCB 8164.965 50.00 240.0 -1. 14SRCC 8164.965 50.00 120.0 -1. C next the source records required C source for the mechanical analogue 14INERS -1 0.000001 .0000001 -1. 14INERS2-1 0.000001 .0000001 -1. C UM dat 19 C Col.2 = 0 Decoupled, = 1 Autoinitialize ----- Col. 15 =0 Compensation, =1 Prediction 0 0 { Col. 2 ==> no automatic initialization; col. 15 ==> compensation BLANK 3 1 111 INER 2 .005 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOTA 1 .980484 .031413 MOTB 1 .980484 .031413 MOTC 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 C MOTOR #2 3 1 111 INER2 2 .005 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOT2A 1 .980484 .031413 MOT2B 1 .980484 .031413 MOT2C 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 C BLANK ending U.M. data BLANK card ending SOURCEs C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 8.383893803907E+03 MOTA MOTB MOTC MOT2A MOT2B MOT2C C First 6 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Final 14 output variables pertain to Type-19 U.M. components (names are generated internally); C Step Time MOTA MOTB MOTC MOT2A MOT2B MOT2C UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC C C UM-1 UM-1 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 C IE1 IE2 TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C *** Phasor I(0) = 1.9294775E-17 Switch "INERS " to "IX " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 1.9294775E-17 Switch "INERS2" to "IX2 " closed in the steady-state. C 0 0.0 8292.999 -4204.56 -4088.44 8292.999 -4204.56 -4088.44 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .2E-3 7873.737 -3552.14 -4321.6 7873.737 -3552.14 -4321.6 -.67E-15 0.0 -25.9511 12.45117 13.49991 C -30.9139 .7212851 -.67E-15 0.0 -25.9511 12.45117 13.49991 -30.9139 .7212851 C 2 .4E-3 7448.395 -2919.71 -4528.69 7448.395 -2919.71 -4528.69 -.057368 0.0 -50.2764 22.71035 27.56607 C -59.8784 3.339283 -.057368 0.0 -50.2764 22.71035 27.56607 -59.8784 3.339283 C 3 .6E-3 6736.265 -2173.17 -4563.09 6736.265 -2173.17 -4563.09 -.334498 0.0 -72.5229 30.6493 41.87361 C -86.3546 7.717967 -.334498 0.0 -72.5229 30.6493 41.87361 -86.3546 7.717967 BLANK card ending request for node voltage outputs C 250 .05 -6924.74 3242.656 3682.084 -6924.74 3242.656 3682.084 -4162.72 1.765433 64.78601 -344.98 280.1937 C 26.66602 423.799 -4162.72 1.765433 64.78601 -344.98 280.1937 26.66602 423.799 C Variable maxima: 8292.999 6906.117 7023.04 8292.999 6906.117 7023.04 9190.36 2.47045 375.2239 326.9388 512.8368 C 447.0417 636.5509 9190.36 2.47045 375.2239 326.9388 512.8368 447.0417 636.5509 C Times of maxima: 0.0 .0466 .0128 0.0 .0466 .0128 .0446 .0402 .0144 .041 .0074 C .0144 .009 .0446 .0402 .0144 .041 .0074 .0144 .009 C Variable minima: -7141.3 -6993.5 -6921.3 -7141.3 -6993.5 -6921.3 -14054.6 0.0 -353.402 -514.36 -321.777 C -423.298 -393.798 -14054.6 0.0 -353.402 -514.36 -321.777 -423.298 -393.798 C Times of minima: .0102 .0164 .0024 .0102 .0164 .0024 .0344 0.0 .0444 .0108 .0378 C .0446 .0396 .0344 0.0 .0444 .0108 .0378 .0446 .0396 CALCOMP PLOT 144 5. 0.0 50. MOTA MOT2B MOTC 194 5. 0.0 50. BRANCH UM-1 IPA UM-2 IPB UM-2 IPC 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 IE1 UM-2 IE2 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 TQGEN UM-2 TQGEN 194 5. 0.0 50. -1. 3.0UM-1 OMEGM UM-2 OMEGM C About the preceding plots, not that variables of UM-1 and UM-2 have been C mixed on the same plot. This is for the first 3. Since both machines are C in parallel, and have comparable solutions, it makes little difference C which machine is monitored. The final 2 plots show torque for both machines C and mechanical speed for both machines. In each case, the two curves lie C on top of each other. BLANK card ending batch-mode plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 7th of 7 subcases illustrates the starting of 2 parallel induction C motors. Compensation is used, yet the two machines are separated by C two resistors rather than the two stub lines of the preceding subcase. C Needless to say, this should not work. The result should be an error C termination. But this does not happen. Instead, the simulation seems C physically valid. Why? Data added by WSM on 15 May 2003. Gabor Furst C of suburban Vancouver, B.C., Canada, is the source of the data, and the C original discoverer of the phenomenon. C VERIFY U.M. COMPENSATION { Request for additional verification of compensation C The preceding did not help. It did not result in a KILL code, so omit. NEW LIST SIZES BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 1 through 10 0 0 36400 BLANK { Default dimensioning is adequate for List 21 through 30 240000 { Final card of VARDIM data is for offsets for supporting programs PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 10, 2, { dT loop output is width 10 including 2 blanks POWER FREQUENCY, 50., C Single Cage UM 3 - decoupled initialization of two oarallel motors with compensation C on the same bus, using a small separating resistance, no delay line .000200 .050 { Gabor Furst's original data had dT = 50 usec & T-max = 3 sec 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 20 20 100 100 C short circuit level = 83 MVA C the machine rating entered was 834.47 kVA SRCA BUSMA .767 3.83 SRCB BUSMB .767 3.83 SRCC BUSMC .767 3.83 C separation resistance to enable compensation used BUSMA BUSM2A .0001 BUSMB BUSM2B .0001 BUSMC BUSM2C .0001 C INERS INER 1.E-6 IX 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER .11 {damping 1/mho} C INERS2INER2 1.E-6 IX2 7.E+07 {inetia in uF} C the damping term in ohms INER2 .11 {damping 1/mho} BLANK card ending BRANCHes BUSMA MOTA -1 1000. BUSMB MOTB -1 1000. BUSMC MOTC -1 1000. BUSM2AMOT2A -1 1000. BUSM2BMOT2B -1 1000. BUSM2CMOT2C -1 1000. INERS IX -1 1000. INERS2IX2 -1 1000. BLANK card ending SWITCHes 14SRCA 8164.965 50.00 0.0 { Vt } 14SRCB 8164.965 50.00 240.0 14SRCC 8164.965 50.00 120.0 C Note about 3 preceding sinusoidal sources that drive the armature. These C were present in the steady state (T-start < 0), but the result was sizable C hash in the terminal voltages MOTA, MOTB, and MOTC. Since the machine is C not rotating, anyway, little should be lost by omitting this phasor C excitation. In fact, doing so removes the hash. C source for the mechanical analogue: 14INERS -1 0.000001 .0000001 -1 14INERS2-1 0.000001 .0000001 -1 C UM dat 19 { Begin U.M. data, which is an electrical source of type 19 (columns 1-2) C Col.2 = 0 Decoupled, = 1 Autoinitialize ----- Col. 15 =0 Compensation, =1 Prediction 0 0 { Col. 2 ==> no automatic initialization; col. 15 ==> compensation BLANK 3 1 111 INER 2 .005 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOTA 1 .980484 .031413 MOTB 1 .980484 .031413 MOTC 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 C MOROR #2 3 1 111 INER2 2 .005 1.125287 1.125287 C Armature coils MOT2A 1 .980484 .031413 MOT2B 1 .980484 .031413 MOT2C 1 C Rotor coils 2.388701 .031413 1 2.388701 .031413 1 C BLANK ending U.M. data BLANK card ending SOURCEs MOTA MOTB MOTC MOT2A MOT2B MOT2C C First 6 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Final 14 output variables pertain to Type-19 U.M. components (names are generated internally); C Step Time MOTA MOTB MOTC MOT2A MOT2B MOT2C UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 UM-1 C TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC C C UM-1 UM-1 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 UM-2 C IE1 IE2 TQGEN OMEGM IPA IPB IPC IE1 IE2 C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSMA " to "MOTA " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSMB " to "MOTB " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSMC " to "MOTC " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSM2A" to "MOT2A " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSM2B" to "MOT2B " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 0.0000000E+00 Switch "BUSM2C" to "MOT2C " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 1.9294775E-17 Switch "INERS " to "IX " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 1.9294775E-17 Switch "INERS2" to "IX2 " closed in the steady-state. C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .2E-3 7240.705 -3225.84 -4014.87 7240.704 -3225.84 -4014.87 .222E-15 0.0 -11.6229 5.178161 6.444723 C -13.8456 .8710926 .111E-15 0.0 -11.6229 5.17816 6.444722 -13.8456 .8710925 C 2 .4E-3 7174.532 -2801.06 -4373.47 7174.529 -2801.06 -4373.47 -.011547 0.0 -34.6415 14.79876 19.84276 C -41.2606 3.46871 -.011547 0.0 -34.6415 14.79876 19.84276 -41.2606 3.46871 C 3 .6E-3 7080.386 -2366.65 -4713.73 7080.38 -2366.65 -4713.73 -.126229 0.0 -57.1634 22.94012 34.22327 C -68.0724 7.758324 -.126229 0.0 -57.1634 22.94011 34.22326 -68.0724 7.758322 BLANK card ending request for node voltage outputs C 500 0.1 7163.172 -3287. -3876.18 7163.163 -3286.96 -3876.2 -3508.64 4.758604 -93.893 346.3427 -252.45 C 85.2129 -430.499 -3508.8 4.761365 -93.8933 346.3423 -252.449 85.22058 -430.497 C Variable maxima: 7240.705 7193.512 7308.916 7240.704 7193.504 7308.921 9757.768 4.758604 396.7719 362.7327 522.4827 C 472.4152 655.3924 9757.762 4.761365 396.7715 362.7323 522.482 472.4147 655.3916 C Times of maxima: .2E-3 .0866 .0132 .2E-3 .0866 .0132 .0648 0.1 .0142 .081 .0074 C .0142 .009 .0648 0.1 .0142 .081 .0074 .0142 .009 C Variable minima: -7218.2 -7310.4 -7175.71 -7218.2 -7310.4 -7175.71 -14940.3 0.0 -377.803 -532.812 -350.203 C -451.967 -440.193 -14940.2 0.0 -377.803 -532.811 -350.203 -451.967 -440.192 C Times of minima: .0898 .0164 .0632 .0898 .0164 .0632 .0546 0.0 .0844 .0106 .0776 C .0854 .0802 .0546 0.0 .0844 .0106 .0776 .0854 .0802 CALCOMP PLOT 144 5. 0.0 50. MOTA MOT2B MOTC 194 5. 0.0 50. BRANCH UM-1 IPA UM-2 IPB UM-2 IPC 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 IE1 UM-2 IE2 194 5. 0.0 50. UM-1 TQGEN UM-2 TQGEN 194 5. 0.0 50. -1. 3.0UM-1 OMEGM UM-2 OMEGM C About the preceding plots, note that variables of UM-1 and UM-2 have been C mixed on the same plot. This is for the first 3. Since both machines are C in parallel, and have comparable solutions, it makes little difference C which machine is monitored. The final 2 plots show torque for both machines C and mechanical speed for both machines. In each case, the two curves lie C on top of each other. BLANK card ending batch-mode plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE BLANK