BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C BENCHMARK DC-45 C 1st half of split version of DC-33 . Rather than use TACS to integrate C flux during the simulation, that operation is now posponed until the post- C processing of compansion case DC-46. Connection is via LUNIT4 plot file. C Total of 4 subcases. C DISK PLOT DATA { Toggle the Apollo default of LUNIT4 = -4 to +4 (use disk) C $CLOSE, UNIT=4 STATUS=DELETE { Destroy empty date/time plot file of "SYSDEP" C $OPEN, UNIT=4 FILE=DC45TO46.pl4 ! { Expected to be C-like (for L4BYTE = 1 ) PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000050 .050 1 1 1 1 1 -1 0 2 5 5 20 20 100 100 96 GEN 8888. 1.E-9 1 1.0 -0.7 2.0 0.9 3.5 1.0 9999. BLANK card ending branch cards BLANK card ending (here non-existent) switch cards 14GEN 377. 60. -1. C --------------+------------------------------ C From bus name | Names of all adjacent busses C --------------+------------------------------ C GEN |TERRA *TERRA * C TERRA |GEN *GEN * C --------------+------------------------------ BLANK card ending source cards C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 7.106450000000E-06 C ---- Initial flux of coil " " to "GEN " = 1.00000000E-09 C Inject: GEN 377. 377. .377E-16 2.6786345332877 .710645E-14 C Inject: 0.0 0.0 -2.678634533288 -90.0000000 504.92260952473 C Step Time GEN TERRA C GEN C 0 0.0 377. 0.0 C 1 .5E-4 376.9330268 -.523564601 C 2 .1E-3 376.7321312 -1.04694318 C 3 .15E-3 376.3973844 -1.02374791 C 4 .2E-3 375.9289054 -1.04551661 C 5 .25E-3 375.3268607 -1.06725433 C 10 .5E-3 370.3222935 -1.17520854 1 C 800 .04 -304.999407 1.070136441 C 900 .045 -116.499407 2.765761443 C 1000 .05 377. -1.4375 C Variable maxima : 377. 3.499909256 C Times of maxima : 0.0 .0125 C Variable minima : -377. -3.49990923 C Times of minima : .025 .0375 PRINTER PLOT 194 4. 0.0 20. GEN { Axis limits: (-3.500, 3.500) BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 2nd of 4 subcases is unrelated to 1st (no hysteresis). But there is a C nonlinear inductor (Type-93, true-nonlinear element). This example C illustrates TACS control of the optional shunt current source that is C declared by the second data field (columns 21-26) of the TACS CONTROL C declaration. Since the controlling TACS signal is identically unity, C this injects an extra amp of current into node "TRAN" beginning on C the first time step. This would produce a discontinuity in the branch C current (GEN, TRAN) at time zero, were it not for exact cancellation C by a one-amp Type-11 current source that is connected to node "TRAN". C It will be noted that the current (GEN, TRAN) continues smoothly out C of the phasor solution. The current of the NL reactor (TRAN, TERRA) C shows a one-amp jump beginning on the first step, due to the internal, C TACS-controlled source (remember, the inductor current is continuous). PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000200 .020 1 1 1 1 1 -1 0 2 5 5 10 10 TACS HYBRID { We use TACS only to produce signal that controls shunt current 99SHUNT = 1.0 { Unit current (dc source) is inserted in parallel with ZnO 33SHUNT { Output only this one TACS variable that controls NL shunt current 77SHUNT 1.0 { Initial condition required for smooth electrical step 1 BLANK card ending all TACS data GEN TRAN 2.0 1 93TRAN 1.0 1.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.1 10. 1.2 9999 TACS CONTROL SHUNT { Use 2nd of 3 names: for TACS-controled shunt current BLANK card ending branch cards BLANK card ending (here non-existent) switch cards 14GEN 377. 60. -1. 11TRAN -1 -1.0 { 1-amp external dc current cancels internal NL source BLANK card ending source cards C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 1.000018973436E+00 C C GEN 377. 377. .00530514044263 1.000009486673 1.0000189734357 C 0.0 0.0 -.9999954144499 -89.6960393 188.49913562381 C C ---- Initial flux of coil "TRAN " to " " = 5.30514044E-03 C C Step Time TRAN GEN TRAN GEN TACS C TERRA TRAN SHUNT C 0 0.0 376.9893897 377. .0053051404 .0053051404 1.0 C 1 .2E-3 375.7677437 375.9289054 -.919419146 .0805808538 1.0 1 C 100 .02 114.1251632 116.4994069 .1871218422 1.187121842 1.0 C Variable max : 376.9893897 377. .4424771753 1.442477175 1.0 C Times of max : 0.0 0.0 .0042 .0042 0.0 C Variable min : -376.817325 -376.880939 -2.44858983 -1.44858983 1.0 C Times of min : .0084 .0084 .0124 .0124 0.0 PRINTER PLOT C -0.653 -0.353 -0.054 0.245 0.545 0.844 1.143 1.442 C ------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+ C BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB*AA C BBBBB | AAAAAA C BBBBBBB | AAAAAAAA C BBBBB | AAAAA C BBBB | AAAA C BBBBBBBBBBBBBB AAAAAAAAAAAAAA C | BBB AAA C | BBBBBBBBBB AAAAAAAAA C BBBBBB AAAAAAA C BBBBB | AAAA C BBBBB | AAAAA C BBBBBBBB | AAAAAAAA C BB |AAAAAA 194 4. 0.0 20. GEN TRAN TRAN { Axis limits: (-2.449, 1.442) 144 4. 0.0 20. TRAN { Axis limits: (-3.768, 3.770) BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 3rd of 4 subcases is related to 2nd. There is the same nonlinear L(i) C inductor (Type-93, true-nonlinear element). This example illustrates C optional TACS control of the (i, PSI) characteristic by multiplicative C scaling. The TACS multiplier of "i" is declared by the third data C field (columns 27-32) of the "TACS CONTROL" card. For this example, C the TACS variable is FACTOR, which varies smoothly (via one half a C cosine cycle) from 2.0 to 1.0, thereby reducing the current that is C drawn by approximately a factor of two. The series resistor is small, C to it does not drop much voltage. As a result, the voltage, and hence C the peak flux of the inductor, are nearly constant. Only the current C increases by about a factor of two over the 10 msec "ramp" time. The C presence of resistance merely reduces this ideal result: the factor is C less than two --- maybe 1.5 or so. PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 13, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000200 .030 1 1 1 1 1 -1 0 2 5 5 49 1 55 5 TACS HYBRID { We use TACS only to produce signal that controls shunt current 99FACTOR = 1.5 + COSINE + STEP { Scaling factor changes from 3 to 1 over 0-10ms 14COSINE 0.5 50. { Smooth transition over 1st 10 msec } .010 11STEP -0.5 50. { Hold COSINE value after 10 ms} .010 33FACTORSTEP COSINE { Output only the 3 user-defined TACS variables 77FACTOR 2.0 { Initial condition required for smooth electrical step 1 BLANK card ending all TACS data GEN TRAN 20. 1 93TRAN 2.0 1.0 1 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 1.1 { Execution does reach this 2nd seg of (i, PSI) 9999 TACS CONTROL FACTOR { Use 3rd of 3 names: TACS-scaled curve (x,y) BLANK card ending branch cards BLANK card ending (here non-existent) switch cards 14GEN 350. 50. -1.0 BLANK card ending source cards C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 4.885536661314E+01 C ---- Initial flux of coil "TRAN " to " " = 1.39586762E-01 C GEN 350. 350. .27917352350367 2.2103250125975 48.855366613143 C 0.0 0.0 -2.19262372629 -82.7439171 383.7091521007 C C Step Time TRAN GEN TRAN GEN TACS C TERRA TRAN FACTOR C C 0 0.0 344.4165295 350. .2791735235 .2791735235 2.0 C 1 .2E-3 340.9842812 349.3093549 .4162536857 .4162536857 1.999013364 C 2 .4E-3 336.2117309 347.2401455 .5514207281 .5514207281 1.996057351 C C 49 .0098 -347.838306 -349.309355 -.073552423 -.073552423 1.000986636 C 50 .01 -347.141951 -350. -.14290245 -.14290245 1.0 C 51 .0102 -345.0697 -349.309355 -.211982761 -.211982761 1.0 1 C 150 .03 -347.789928 -350. -.110503595 -.110503595 1.0 C Variable maxima : 349.3458152 350. 3.110373844 3.110373844 2.0 C Times of maxima : .0198 0.0 .0042 .0042 0.0 C Variable minima : -348.491847 -350. -2.24512833 -2.24512833 1.0 C Times of minima : .0298 .01 .0146 .0146 .01 PRINTER PLOT 194 3. 0.0 30. GEN TRAN TACS FACTOR { Axis limits: (-2.245, 3.110) C CALCOMP PLOT { Repeat this same plot, only in high-resolution mode C 194 3. 0.0 30. GEN TRAN TACS FACTOR BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 4th of 4 subcases is related to 3rd. That nonlinear inductor L(i) C (Type-93, true-nonlinear element) has been made linear by reduction of C the flux-current characteristic to a single point. The result is a C TACS-controlled linear inductor L(t). Except that here dynamics are C involved (because L stores energy, and has history), this is the C inductive equivalent of commonly-used TACS-controlled resistance R(t). C Between time 0 and 100 msec, inductance is to be varied sinusoidally C between 125 mH and 500 mH. Disconnected branches BEGIN and END C correspond to these two limiting values, and they define assymptotes C of the transition between the two. The graph is smooth, and it shows C a smooth transition between the two steady-state assymptotes. PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 11, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .000400 .120 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 TACS HYBRID { We use TACS only to produce signal that controls shunt current 99FACTOR = 2.5 + COSINE + STEP { Scale factor changes from 4 to 1 over 0-100 ms 14COSINE 1.5 5.0 { Smooth transition over 1st 100 msec } .100 11STEP -1.5 { Hold COSINE valu after 100 ms} .100 33FACTORSTEP COSINE { Output only the 3 user-defined TACS variables 77FACTOR 4.0 { Initial condition to make output signal smooth at t = 0 77COSINE 1.5 { Initial condition to make output signal smooth at t = 0 BLANK card ending all TACS data GEN TRAN 35. { R of series R-L branch to ground } 1 93TRAN 8.0 1.0 { i-steady and PSI-steady for phasors 0.0 0.0 { Symmetric curve always begins at origin 0,0 2.0 1.0 { Single (i, PSI) point defines L b4 FACTOR 9999 { Terminate the characteristic after just the one point TACS CONTROL FACTOR { Use 3rd of 3 names: TACS-scaled curve (x,y) C That is all we need for the TACS-controlled L of series R-L circuit. But C for a nice plot, we want assymptotic curves. The first in in the steady C state, corresponding to i-steady and PSI-steady of the Type-93 branch C card. This is L = PSI / i = 1.0 / 8.0 = 125 mH. Note that this matches C the initial signal. Initial FACTOR = 4.0 and the characteristic gives C L = PSI / i = 1.0 / 2.0 = 500 mH. Dividing by FACTOR gives 125 mH as the C initial inductance within the dT loop. So, show phasor flow: GEN BEGIN 35. 125. { Branch flow is phasor solution C That was for the start. Next, we want the termination, which corresponds C to FACTOR = 1.0 so no scaling. I.e., L = 500 mH (the characteristic): GEN END 35. 500. { Branch flo is assymptote for infinite t BLANK card ending branch cards C Switches are used only to measure the currents through the preceding two C branches. These are the two assymptotic signals of following plot: BEGIN MEASURING 1 END MEASURING 1 BLANK card ending switch cards C --------------+------------------------------ C From bus name | Names of all adjacent busses. C --------------+------------------------------ C GEN |TRAN *BEGIN *END * C TRAN |TERRA *GEN * C BEGIN |TERRA *GEN * C END |TERRA *GEN * C TERRA |TRAN *BEGIN *END * C --------------+------------------------------ 14GEN 420. 50. -1.0 C TRAN 234.06699294777 313.5412844237 5.3123716300638 7.9842632447061 -.677791157E-13 -.677791157E-13 C 208.61634607684 41.7095865 -5.960467030767 -48.2904135 1251.698076461 1251.6980765 C C TERRA 0.0 0.0 -5.312371630064 7.9842632447061 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 5.9604670307669 131.7095865 0.0 C Total network loss P-loss by summing injections = 2.350389825256E+03 C Output for steady-state phasor switch currents. C Node-K Node-M I-real I-imag I-magn Degrees Power Reactive C BEGIN 5.31237163E+00 -5.96046703E+00 7.98426324E+00 -48.2904 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 C END 5.67589241E-01 -2.54733456E+00 2.60980285E+00 -77.4387 0.00000000E+00 0.00000000E+00 BLANK card ending source cards GEN TRAN { Output node voltages for the controlled branch L(t) only C First 2 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Next 3 output variables are branch currents (flowing from the upper node to the lower node); C Next 3 output variables belong to TACS (with "TACS" an internally-added upper name of pair). C Step Time GEN TRAN BEGIN END GEN TACS TACS TACS C TERRA TERRA TRAN FACTOR STEP COSINE C *** Phasor I(0) = 5.3123716E+00 Switch "BEGIN " to " " closed in the steady-state. C *** Phasor I(0) = 5.6758924E-01 Switch "END " to " " closed in the steady-state. C 0 0.0 420. 234.06699 5.3123716 .56758924 5.3123716 4.0 0.0 1.5 C 1 .4E-3 416.68817 206.10551 6.0166476 .88197067 6.0166476 3.9998816 0.0 1.4998816 C 2 .8E-3 406.80493 174.8932 6.6262352 1.1824658 6.6260494 3.9995263 0.0 1.4995263 C 3 .0012 390.50612 140.93094 7.1314997 1.464335 7.1307196 3.9989342 0.0 1.4989342 BLANK card ending node voltage outputs C 290 .116 129.78714 208.41029 -4.028677 -2.244816 -2.246376 1.0 -1.5 0.0 C 295 .118 339.78714 376.14579 .78854743 -1.037462 -1.038819 1.0 -1.5 0.0 C 300 .12 420. 400.22543 5.3045736 .56616677 .5649877 1.0 -1.5 0.0 C Variable maxima : 420. 409.93775 7.9767416 2.6063662 7.9698488 4.0 0.0 1.5 C Times of maxima : 0.0 .0992 .0028 .0044 .0028 0.0 0.0 0.0 C Variable minima : -420. -409.6697 -7.973184 -2.60532 -7.845698 1.0 -1.5 -1.499882 C Times of minima : .01 .1092 .1128 .1144 .0128 0.1 0.1 .0996 CALCOMP PLOT C Orlando Hevia in Santa Fe, Argentina, supplied the following one-line C correction in E-mail dated 10 January 2007. He learned of the bad ATP data C during experimentation with the new GNU F95 compiler, which choked on this: C NOTE A MISTAKE IN DATA 120. IS ONE COLUMN TOO TO THE RIGHT C DATA FM1180 / '( I2, 2I1, E3.0, 2E4.0, E5.0, E4.0, 4A6, 2A16 )' / C -=---====----=====---- C 19412. 0.0 120. BRANCH Vary linear L Inductor current 19412. 0.0120. BRANCH Vary linear L Inductor current BEGIN END GEN TRAN TACS FACTOR BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE BLANK