BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C BENCHMARK DC-19 C Test of the control of TACS sources by node voltages and switch currents C of the electric network. The electric network has no dynamics, with both C the node voltage and switch current equal to one half, always. TACS C supplemental variable GENT adds these to give unity. The output signal C is then passed through a function block 1/(1+S) to give ELEMT, and C through a S/(1+S) block to give GT/ELT. There also is a disconnected C validation of the Type-17 electric network source, which provides for C modulation of the following source function by a TACS variable. For use C here, the TACS variable is the constant TWO = 2.0 --- easy to verify. .05 2.0 1 1 1 1 1 TACS HYBRID 1ELEMT +GENT 1.0 1.0 1.0 1GT/ELT +GENT 1.0 1.0 1.0 90BUS2 91BUS1 11TWO 2.0 { Constant for modulation of electric network COSINE 99GENT = BUS1 + BUS2 33ELEMT GENT GT/ELTBUS1 BUS2 BLANK card ending all TACS data BUS3 BUS2 1.0 BUS2 BUS1 1.0 COSINE 1.0 { Dummy branch connects source of interest SURGE 1.0 { Dummy branch connects Type-15 surge function TAKUSG 1.0 { Dummy branch for Taku Noda's Type-15 surge BLANK card ending electric network branches BUS1 MEASURING 1 BLANK card ending switches 11BUS3 1.0 17TWO { The constant 2.0 of TACS multiplies following 1/2 to give unity: 14COSINE 0.5 0.5 { Cosine starts at peak 0.5, and also ends there 15SURGE 2.0 -1.0 -3.0 { Surge function is a smooth pulse > 0 15TAKUSG 2.0 -1.0 -3.0 -6666. { Same except 2.0 = peak valu BLANK card ending electric network source cards. C Step Time BUS1 BUS2 BUS3 COSINE SURGE TAKUSG BUS1 TACS TACS TACS C TERRA ELEMT GENT GT/ELT C *** Switch "BUS1 " to " " closed before 0.00000000E+00 sec. C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .05 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 .181042896 .470363242 0.5 .024390244 1.0 .975609756 1 C 39 1.95 0.0 0.5 1.0 .987688341 .278788345 .724313367 0.5 .854137166 1.0 .145862834 C 40 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 .265713062 .690342786 0.5 .861252427 1.0 .138747573 C maxima : 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 .769799804 1.99999856 0.5 .861252427 1.0 .975609756 C maxima : 0.0 .05 .05 2.0 .55 .55 .05 2.0 .05 .05 PRINTER PLOT 143 .4 0.0 2.0 SURGE COSINE { Axis limits: (-1.000, 1.000) 193 .4 0.0 2.0 TACS GT/ELTTACS ELEMT { Axis limits: (0.000, 9.756) BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 2nd of 5 subcases of DC-19 tests important supplemental variable functions C Unlike 1st, there is no electric network (in theory). In practice, ATP C will automatically supply a dummy electric network. This is since around C 1993 when TACS STAND ALONE was internally converted to TACS HYBRID. .100 6.0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 TACS STAND ALONE X2 -X3 +TQ 6.6667 -100. 0.2 1X3 +X2 0.0 1.05 1.0 0.0 1. 11TQ 1.0 0.0 98SUPVAR = 0.4 * ( ABS(X3) + 1.E-6 ) ** 3.0 * 2.0 26T { Type-26 is given value equal to ATP variable in columns 3-8 33X2 X3 T SUPVAR C Step Time TACS TACS TACS TACS C X2 X3 T SUPVAR C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 0.1 0.2 .01 0.1 .80024E-6 C 2 0.2 0.2 .03 0.2 .216022E-4 BLANK card ending all TACS data cards C 58 5.8 .203206E-4 .999997968 5.8 .799997523 C 59 5.9 .677346E-5 .999999323 5.9 .800000774 C 60 6.0 .22578E-5 .999999774 6.0 .800001858 PRINTER PLOT 143 1. 0.0 6.0 X2 SUPVAR { Axis limits: (0.000, 8.000) BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 3rd of 5 subcases consists only of Type-15 lightning functions, including C both old (the 2-exponential surge function) and new (Bernd Stein of FGH) C models. Bernd's FGH improvement is documented in a letter dated 30.7.86 C Smoothing of plot data points after 50 ups and downs is also illustrated. 1.0E-8 3.E-6 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 5 5 20 20 LIGHTN 1.0 ALGHTN 1.0 LIGHT1 1.0 ALGHT1 1.0 ALGHT2 1.0 ALGHT3 1.0 STAN1 1.0 { Resistor for Standler surge added 29 Sept 00 STAN2 1.0 { Resistor for 2nd Standler surge added 27 Oct 00 TWOE1 1.0 { Resistor for TWO EXP surge added 19 Jan 01 TWOE2 1.0 { Resistor for 2nd TWO EXP surge added 19 Jan 01 HEID1 1.0 { Resistor for Heidler surge added 19 Jan 01 HEID2 1.0 { Resistor for 2nd Heidler surge added 19 Jan 01 C Orlando Hevia mentions legality and danger of negative L of series R-L-C. C Add a branch to illustrate as mentioned in newsletter dated January, 2001 HEVIA 10.E3 -3.0 { Series R-L with negative L } 1 BLANK card ending electric network branches BLANK card ending switches 15ALGHTN-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 5.0 15LIGHTN-1 1.0 -20000. -500000. 15ALGHT2-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 10.0 15ALGHT1-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 5.0 15LIGHT1-1 1.0 -20000. -500000. 15ALGHT3-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 10.0 C 345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890 C <--- Off-line Standler 3F10.0 -> 15STAN1 -1 0.6 20.E-6 0.04 Standler { "Standler" is same as -7777 C C A B { Identify of 3 Standler parameters C <--- In-line Standler 4F8.0 ---><-Request word-> < T-stop > C T1 T2 Perc peak 15STAN2 -1 1.0E-6 20.0E-6 0.0 1.000 Standler in-line 0.0 1.0 C C <--- Off-line Two exp 3F10.0 -> 15TWOE1 -1 1.20 -36000.0 -5.0E+6 { it is an old two exp source C C A B { Identify of 3 Two exp parameters C <--- In-line Two exp 4F8.0 ---><-Request word-> < T-stop > C T1 T2 Perc peak 15TWOE2 -1 1.0E-6 20.0E-6 0.0 1.0 Two exp in-line 0.0 1.0 C C <--- Off-line Heidler 3F10.0 --> 15HEID1 -1 0.6 1.0E-06 3.0E-5 5.0 { it is an old Heidler source C C A B N { Identify of 4 Heidler parameters C <-Heidler in line 4F8.0 ---><-key----------><>< T-stop > C T1 T2 Perc peak N 15HEID2 -1 1.0E-6 20.0E-6 0.0 1.000 Heidler in-line 5 0.0 1.0 C 14HEVIA 1.0 60. { Voltage source is shorted at 1 us } 1.E-6 BLANK card ending electric network source cards. STAN1 STAN2 ALGHT2ALGHT1LIGHT1ALGHTNLIGHTNALGHT3HEID1 HEID2 TWOE1 TWOE2 C First 12 output variables are electric-network voltage differences (upper voltage minus lower voltage); C Next 1 output variables are branch currents (flowing from the upper node to the lower node); C Step Time STAN1 STAN2 ALGHT2 ALGHT1 LIGHT1 ALGHTN LIGHTN ALGHT3 HEID1 HEID2 C C C TWOE1 TWOE2 HEVIA C TERRA C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .1E-7 .442479244 .855069065 .25405E-20 .812971E-4 957.508161 .406485E-9 .004787541 .50811E-15 .930195E-8 .140651E-7 C .058092768 .04993186 -.16949E-5 C 2 .2E-7 .454691626 .88074615 .2601E-17 .002438392 -4.9670744 .130049E-7 .009550246 .51918E-12 .297563E-6 .449919E-6 C .113331409 .097441938 -.51422E-5 C 3 .3E-7 .461895211 .895961187 .14996E-15 .01470791 952.565899 .987364E-7 .01428824 .28952E-10 .225886E-5 .34153E-5 C .165855128 .142646809 -.87063E-5 C 4 .4E-7 .467007506 .906801471 .26623E-14 .048743046 -9.8846491 .415991E-6 .019001647 .473526E-9 .951554E-5 .143866E-4 C .21579634 .185657436 -.12391E-4 C 5 .5E-7 .470959015 .91521116 .2479E-13 .121908619 947.672889 .126925E-5 .023690588 .395202E-8 .290285E-4 .43887E-4 C .263281003 .226579442 -.16201E-4 BLANK card ending output requests C 260 .26E-5 .48556872 .972472279 .991750958 -15.735499 -362.71992 .993881314 .676797074 -18.724315 .572623725 .949657569 C 1.09277363 .94980214 -.55047746 C 280 .28E-5 .482164403 .967184298 .987942471 -17.163302 -375.61152 .990578487 .698942172 -19.269102 .568828878 .942698718 C 1.08493561 .942824605 -1.0722499 C 300 .3E-5 .478686003 .961711993 .984066679 -17.995991 -387.2694 .987055255 .718634373 -19.452928 .565055727 .935784527 C 1.07715275 .935897248 -2.0885866 C Variable maxima : .506829483 1.00000002 1.0 1757.33053 957.508161 1.0 .718634373 2231.07839 0.6 1.0 C 1.14948506 .999999945 0.0 C Times of maxima : .8E-6 .1E-5 .2E-5 .7E-6 .1E-7 .2E-5 .3E-5 .113E-5 .1E-5 .1E-5 C .99E-6 .1E-5 0.0 C Variable minima : 0.0 0.0 0.0 -17.995991 -387.2694 0.0 0.0 -19.452928 0.0 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 -2.0885866 C Times of minima : 0.0 0.0 0.0 .3E-5 .3E-5 0.0 0.0 .3E-5 0.0 0.0 C 0.0 0.0 .3E-5 PRINTER PLOT 145 .4 0.0 3.0 LIGHTNALGHTNALGHT2 { Plot limits: (0.000, 1.000) 145 .4 0.0 3.0 LIGHT1ALGHT1ALGHT3 { Plot limits: (-0.110, 2.231) C 145 .4 0.0 3.0 STAN1 STAN2 C 145 .4 0.0 3.0 HEID1 HEID2 C 145 .4 0.0 3.0 TWOE1 TWOE2 BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 4th of 5 subcases was added 17 September 1999 to illustrate delayed C opening of a Type-13 TACS-controlled switch. There are two parallel, C identical circuits on the electrical side. A sinusoidal source drives C current through a series R-L branch. The old logic is illustrated by C the QUICK alternative whereas the new is the DELAY alternative. C The new optional DO NOT OPEN UNTIL CURRENT 0 is illustrated by the C latter of these two: opening will be delayed until current passes C through zero. Both circuits oscillate following opening because both C have a hanging inductor. But QUICK opens first, and it oscillates C more. The graph is distinctive. PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH, 10, 2, { Request maximum precision (for 8 output columns) .0004 .010 1 1 TACS HYBRID 14CLAMP 100. 50. 30. 0. -1. 33CLAMP BLANK card ending TACS GEN QUICK 10. 4. { Series R-L will oscillate when opened GEN DELAY 10. 4. BLANK card ending branches 13DELAY Do not open until current 0 CLOSED CLAMP 11 $DISABLE C The preceding involves a high-level, English-language declaration. It C is equivalent to the following low-level, numeric declation. 13RESIS -77333. CLOSED CLAMP 11 C I.e., the data field of otherwise-unused columns 25-34 can be used to C hold the special numeric value. About the English, this must begin C to the right of column 24. If 55-60 are used as here for CLOSED, the C beginning of "do not open until current 0" can be delayed at most 3 C columns (note 3 blanks between ending 0 and start of CLOSED). Case is C arbitrary (note 1st letter has been made upper case on switch card). $ENABLE 13QUICK CLOSED CLAMP 11 BLANK card ending switches 14GEN 100. 50. 0.0 0. -1. BLANK card ending sources GEN QUICK DELAY BLANK card ending voltage printout CALCOMP PLOT { Needed to cancel PRINTER PLOT of preceding subcase SUPERIMPOSE 2 { Superimpose plots of the following 2 cards 144 1. 0.0 10. GEN DELAY QUICK { First, three node voltages 194 1. 0.0 10.-200.200.TACS CLAMP { 2nd of 2 in overlay is I-branch BLANK card ending plot BEGIN NEW DATA CASE C 5th of 5 subcases was added 28 July 2002 to illustrate 3 new source C types: CIGRE, CESI, and USRFUN. These are all special sub-types C within the Type-15 source. The supporting code comes from Orlando P. C Hevia of UTN in Santa Fe, Argentina. For an alternate and different C illustration of the USRFUN alternative, see DC-5. For comments C about required precision, see note following this subcase. .05E-6 10.E-6 { Hevia used dT = 1.0E-9, but such detail is not needed 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 20 20 CESI1 1.0 CESI2 1.0 CIGRE1 1.0 CIGRE4 1.0 USER2 1.0 USER8 1.0 { Add another USRFUN test on 10 December 2002 BLANK card ending branch cards BLANK card ending switch cards (none for this data) C CORRENTE DI CRESTA -0.001 [kA] C TEMPO DI CRESTA 1 [us] C TEMPO EMIVALORE 10 [us] C GENERATORI EQUIVALENTI FRONTE 15CESI1 -1 1.5 1.0E-6 10.0-6 CESI 15CESI2 -1 -1.2 1.0E-6 10.0-6 CESI 15CIGRE1 1.0 1.0E-6 10.0E-6 CIGRE 20.0E+5 0.5E-6 9.5E-6 15CIGRE4 1.0 1.0E-6 10.0E-6 CIGRE 50.0E+5 0.5E-6 9.5E-6 15USER2 2.0 USRFUN 15USER8 8.0 USRFUN BLANK card ending electric network sources 1 { Request for all possible node voltage outputs (here, just 4) CALCOMP PLOT 145 .5 0.0 5.0 CESI1 CESI2 USER2 CIGRE1 BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE BLANK EOF Warning about the preceding. The CIGRE1 output depends greatly on arithmetic precision. Even 64 bits seems inadequate since turning the Salford debugger on and off (minor update using SUBR5) results in the following differences. Note that the 3rd row is what will be published in a future newsletter. The CIGRE1 value on step 40 rises from .661 to .668 when the debugger is turned on. FC version 2.0 - Copyright (c) 1990 Mike Albert Wed Aug 21 14:08:13 2002 Options are: -c1 -ds5 -t8 Compare files: dc19.lis 71885 8-21-102 2:07p dc19.sal 71885 8-21-102 1:48p Changed lines 859-868 > 15 .75E-6 1.000594 -.800475 .0648095 .0662431 .0783034 > 20 .1E-5 1.477403 -1.18192 .1299899 .1324862 .1044063 > 40 .2E-5 1.338601 -1.07088 .668485 .4280678 .2093254 > 60 .3E-5 1.23813 -.990504 .9529333 .9505637 .3267037 > 80 .4E-5 1.167656 -.934125 .8811803 .8800206 .5541328 > 100 .5E-5 1.104946 -.883957 .8148301 .8147126 .9983771 > 120 .6E-5 1.044245 -.835396 .7534758 .7542513 .9931261 > 140 .7E-5 .9840634 -.787251 .6967413 .6982769 .9835613 > 160 .8E-5 .9240164 -.739213 .6442788 .6464564 .9740871 > 180 .9E-5 .8640042 -.691203 .5957665 .5984817 .9647042 To > 15 .75E-6 1.000594 -.800475 .0644145 .0662431 .0783034 > 20 .1E-5 1.477403 -1.18192 .1291901 .1324862 .1044063 > 40 .2E-5 1.338601 -1.07088 .661331 .4280678 .2093254 > 60 .3E-5 1.23813 -.990504 .9533223 .9505637 .3267037 > 80 .4E-5 1.167656 -.934125 .88154 .8800206 .5541328 > 100 .5E-5 1.104946 -.883957 .8151627 .8147126 .9983771 > 120 .6E-5 1.044245 -.835396 .7537834 .7542513 .9931261 > 140 .7E-5 .9840634 -.787251 .6970257 .6982769 .9835613 > 160 .8E-5 .9240164 -.739213 .6445418 .6464564 .9740871 > 180 .9E-5 .8640042 -.691203 .5960097 .5984817 .9647042 Changed line 872 >Variable maxima : 1.497392 0.0 .999673 .9989941 .9999945 To >Variable maxima : 1.497392 0.0 .9997968 .9989941 .9999945 Comparison complete 21 August 2002, remove from before the 5th, which was not being executed: BLANK ----------------- Protect following 4th data subcase from execution C Note: Following is copy of 3rd subcase between October, 1990, and C July, 1991. It was wrong during 9 months. The solution C prior to October, 1990, was kept below here, and discovered C to be correct once again on July 22, 1991. So, it would C seem that Guido's "correction" of Oct, 1990, was wrong, and C during the spring or summer of 1991 he merely corrected the C correction. Well, as history, we keep the wrong data: C 3rd of 3 subcases consists only of Type-15 lightning functions, including C both old (the 2-exponential surge function) and new (Bernd Stein of FGH) C models. Bernd's FGH improvement is documented in a letter dated 30.7.86 C Smoothing of plot data points after 50 ups and downs is also illustrated. C Comment cards altered 23 Oct 1990. Original contents preserved below C as 4th data subcase until Bernd Stein approves of changes. 1.E-8 300.E-8 1 1 1 1 1 -1 5 5 20 20 LIGHTN 1.0 ALGHTN 1.0 LIGHT1 1.0 ALGHT1 1.0 ALGHT2 1.0 ALGHT3 1.0 BLANK card ending electric network branches BLANK card ending switches 15ALGHTN-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 5.0 15LIGHTN-1 1.0 -20000. -500000. 15ALGHT2-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 10.0 15ALGHT1-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 5.0 15LIGHT1-1 1.0 -20000. -500000. 15ALGHT3-1 1.0 2.E-6 50.E-6 10.0 BLANK card ending electric network source cards. C Step Time ALGHT2 ALGHT1 LIGHT1 ALGHTN LIGHTN ALGHT3 C 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 C 1 .1E-7 .26503E-20 .853443E-4 957.508161 .426722E-9 .004787541 .53005E-15 C 2 .2E-7 .27133E-17 .002559784 -4.9670744 .136524E-7 .009550246 .54161E-12 C 3 .3E-7 .15643E-15 .015440124 952.565899 .103652E-6 .01428824 .30202E-10 C 4 .4E-7 .27773E-14 .051169655 -9.8846491 .436701E-6 .019001647 .493979E-9 1 C 300 .3E-5 1.02657121 -18.891898 -387.2694 1.03619451 .718634373 -20.293153 C maxima : 1.04319273 1844.81694 957.508161 1.0497837 .718634373 2327.44477 C Times of max : .2E-5 .7E-6 .1E-7 .2E-5 .3E-5 .113E-5 C minima : 0.0 -18.891898 -387.2694 0.0 0.0 -20.293153 C Times of min : 0.0 .3E-5 .3E-5 0.0 0.0 .3E-5 PRINTER PLOT 145 .4 0.0 3.0 LIGHTNALGHTNALGHT2 { Plot limits: (0.000, 1.050) 145 .4 0.0 3.0 LIGHT1ALGHT1ALGHT3 { Plot limits: (-0.110, 2.327) BLANK card ending plot cards BEGIN NEW DATA CASE